Ongororo yeKugadzira uye Kutsemuka kwePhosphorus Segregation muCarbon Structural Steel
Parizvino, izvo zvakajairwa zvekabhoni structural simbi waya matanda uye mabara akapihwa neanogara simbi zvigayo ari φ5.5-φ45, uye iyo yakanyanya kukura huwandu ndeye φ6.5-φ30.Kune dzakawanda tsaona dzemhando yepamusoro dzinokonzerwa nekuparadzaniswa kwephosphorus mune diki-saizi waya tsvimbo nebhaa raw materials.Ngatitaurei nezve pesvedzero yekusarura phosphorus uye kuongororwa kwekuumbwa kwekutsemuka kwereferensi yako.
Kuwedzerwa kwe phosphorus kune iron kunogona kuenderana kuvhara iyo austenite chikamu dunhu mune iron-kabhoni chikamu dhizaini.Naizvozvo, kureba pakati peiyo solidus neiyo liquidus inofanira kuwedzerwa.Kana simbi ine phosphorus yakatonhodzwa kubva kumvura kuenda kune yakasimba, inoda kupfuura nepakati petembiricha yakakura.Kupararira kwe phosphorus musimbi kunononoka.Panguva ino, simbi yakanyungudutswa ine yakakwira phosphorus concentration (yakaderera kunyungudika) inozadzwa mumikaha pakati pekutanga yakaomeswa dendrites, nekudaro kugadzira phosphorus segregation.
Mune inotonhora musoro kana inotonhora extrusion process, yakatsemuka zvigadzirwa zvinowanzoonekwa.Kuongororwa kwemetallographic uye kuongororwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakatsemuka kunoratidza kuti ferrite uye pearlite zvakagoverwa mumabhandi, uye mutsara wesimbi chena unogona kuoneka zvakajeka mumatrix.Mune ferrite, mune inopindirana bhendi-yakaita chiedza grey sulfide inclusions pane iyi bhendi-shaped ferrite matrix.Ichi chimiro chebhandi chakakonzerwa nekuparadzaniswa kwesulfure phosphide inonzi "ghost line".Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nzvimbo ine phosphorus-yakapfuma munzvimbo ine phosphorus segregation yakaoma inoita seichena uye yakajeka.Pamusana pehuwandu hwephosphorus yebhanhire jena uye rakajeka, carbon content mu phosphorus-inopfumisa chena uye bhanhire rinopenya rakaderedzwa kana kuti carbon content iduku zvikuru.Neiyi nzira, iyo columnar makristasi einoramba ichikanda slab inokura yakananga pakati panguva yekuramba ichikandwa bhandi rakapfumisa phosphorus..Kana iyo billet yasimbiswa, austenite dendrites inotanga kudonha kubva musimbi yakanyungudutswa.Iyo phosphorus nesarufa iri mune idzi dendrites yakaderedzwa, asi yekupedzisira yakaomeswa yakanyungudutswa simbi yakapfuma mu phosphorus uye sulfur tsvina yezvinhu, izvo zvinosimbisa pakati peiyo dendrite axis, nekuda kwehuwandu hwephosphorus nesarufa, sulfur ichaita sulfide, uye phosphorus ichanyungudutswa mumatrix.Haisi nyore kuparadzira uye ine mhedzisiro yekuburitsa kabhoni.Carbon haigone kunyungudutswa mukati, saka yakatenderedza phosphorus solid solution (Mativi eferrite white band) ane yakakwira kabhoni yemukati.Carbon element pamativi ese ebhanhire referrite, kureva, kumativi ese enzvimbo yakafumiswa nephosphorus, zvichiteerana gadzira rakamanikana, rinopindirana pearlite bhandi rakafanana nebhandi jena referrite, uye iri padhuze yakajairika tishu Yakaparadzana.Kana iyo billet ichipisa uye yakatsikirirwa, shafts ichawedzera pamwe chete negwara rekugadzirisa.Izvo chaizvo nekuti iyo ferrite bhendi ine yakakwira phosphorus, ndiko kuti, iyo yakakomba phosphorus segregation inotungamira mukuumbwa kweyakakura uye yakajeka ferrite bhendi chimiro, ine simbi iri pachena Kune grey mitsetse ye sulfide mune yakafara uye inopenya bhendi. element body.Iri bhendi rine phosphorus-rich ferrite rine mitsetse mirefu yesulfide ndiro ratinoti "ghost line" sangano (ona Mufananidzo 1-2).
Mufananidzo 1 Ghost waya mune kabhoni simbi SWRCH35K 200X
Mufananidzo 2 Ghost waya mune yakajeka kabhoni simbi Q235 500X
Kana simbi inopisa yakaputirwa, chero bedzi pane phosphorus segregation mubillet, hazvibviri kuwana yunifomu microstructure.Uyezve, nekuda kwekusarura kwakasimba kwephosphorous, chimiro che "ghost wire" chakaumbwa, icho chinozodzikisa zvisingaite mashandiro echigadzirwa..
Kuparadzaniswa kwephosphorous mu carbon steel kwakajairika, asi dhigirii rakasiyana.Kana iyo phosphorous yakamurwa zvakanyanya (iyo "ghost line" chimiro chinooneka), ichaunza zvakanyanya kuipa kune simbi.Zviripachena, kupatsanurwa kwakanyanya kwephosphorous ndiyo inokonzera kuputika kwezvinhu panguva yekutonhora kwemusoro.Nokuti zviyo zvakasiyana-siyana musimbi zvine zvakasiyana phosphorus content, zvinhu zvine simba rakasiyana uye kuoma;kune rumwe rutivi, ihwowo Ita kuti zvinhu zvibudise kushushikana kwemukati, zvichakurudzira zvinhu kuti zvive nyore kune mukati mekuputika.Muchinyorwa chine "ghost wire" chimiro, ndiko chaizvo kudzikiswa kwekuoma, simba, kurebesa mushure mekutsemuka uye kudzikiswa kwenzvimbo, kunyanya kudzikiswa kwekuoma kwesimba, izvo zvinozotungamira kune inotonhora brittleness yechinhu, saka iyo phosphorus yemukati. uye zvimiro zvesimbi Iva nehukama hwepedyo.
Metallographic kuonekwa Mu "ghost line" tishu pakati pemunda wekuona, kune nhamba huru yechiedza chegrey elongated sulfides.Izvo zvisiri-metallic inclusions musimbi yezvimiro zvinonyanya kuvepo muchimiro che oxides uye sulfides.Zvinoenderana neGB/T10561-2005 "Standard Grading Chart Microscopic Inspection Method yeZvirimo zveNon-metallic Inclusions muSimbi", iyo Type B inosanganisirwa yakavharwa panguva ino Iyo yemhando yezvinhu inosvika 2.5 uye pamusoro.Sezvatinoziva tose, kwete-metallic inclusions ndiyo inogona kukonzera kutsemuka.Kuvapo kwavo kuchakuvadza zvakanyanya kuenderera uye kusimba kwesimbi microstructure, uye kuderedza zvakanyanya intergranular simba resimbi.Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kubva pane izvi kuti kuvapo kwe sulfides mu "ghost line" yemukati chimiro chesimbi ndiyo inonyanya kuve nzvimbo yekuputika.Naizvozvo, kutonhora kuumba makatsemuka uye kupisa kurapwa kudzima makatsemuka mune yakakura nhamba yekugadzira fastener nzvimbo inokonzerwa nenhamba huru yechiedza grey slender sulfides.Kuonekwa kwezvirukwa zvakashata zvakadaro kunoparadza kuenderera kwesimbi zvinhu uye kunowedzera njodzi yekupisa kurapwa.Iyo "ghost thread" haigone kubviswa ne normalizing, nezvimwewo, uye zvinhu zvisina kuchena zvinofanirwa kudzorwa zvakanyanya kubva pakunyungudika kana kuti zvigadzirwa zvisati zvapinda mufekitori.
Non-metallic inclusions yakakamurwa kuita alumina (mhando A) silicate (rudzi C) uye spherical oxide (rudzi D) maererano nekuumbwa kwavo uye deformability.Kuvapo kwavo kunocheka kuenderera kwesimbi, uye makomba kana makatsemuka anoumbwa mushure mekupepeta.Zviri nyore kwazvo kuumba sosi yekutsemuka panguva yekutonhora inogumbura uye kukonzera kushushikana kusungirirwa panguva yekupisa kurapwa, zvichikonzera kudzima kuputika.Nokudaro, kwete-metallic inclusions inofanira kunyatsodzorwa.Ikozvino simbi GB/T700-2006 "Carbon Structural Steel" uye GB/T699-2016 "High-quality Carbon Structural Steel" zviyero hazviiti zvakajeka zvinodiwa kune zvisiri zvesimbi inclusions..Pazvikamu zvakakosha, mitsetse yakakasharara neyakatsetseka yeA, B, uye C kazhinji haipfuure 1.5, uye D uye Ds mitsetse yakaoma uye yakatsetseka haipfuure 2.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-21-2021
